Drug Classification & Information

Enoxaparin is classified as a low-molecular weight heparin that is given by SQ injection.  It is used for anticoagulation.  Generic formulations have made this treatment more cost effective – supplied in single use syringes (dosed for humans).

Indications for Use

Enoxaparin is indicated in patients at risk for thromboembolic disease.  This may include patients with a history of pulmonary hypertension related to pulmonary thromboembolism and feline patients considered at risk for thrombus formation secondary to cardiomyopathy.  In cats, it may be combined with clopidogrel or used in place of clopidogrel in a feline patient who is non-compliant with oral anticoagulant therapy.

Potential Drug Interactions

May increase risk for hemorrhage when given with oral platelet inhibitors such as aspirin and clopidogrel as well as serotonin reuptake inhibitors such as Prozac (fluoxetine). 

Drug Side Effects

Significant side effects are not reported.  Hemorrhage is possible.  As it is given by injection there is risk for injection site pain and bruising. 

Therapeutic Monitoring

Periodic complete blood counts (CBC) may be useful in patients receiving enoxaparin.  Anti-Xa activity levels can be measured to help guide dosage adjustments if needed.

Dosage Forms

Human: Various syringes available for administration: 30 mg/0.3 mL, 40 mg/0.4 mL, 60 mg/0.6 mL, 80 mg/0.8 mL, 100 mg/1 mL in single-dosed syringe.

**It is recommended to transfer the single dose syringe into an empty sterile vial to allow repeat dosing.  Insulin syringes are used for administration given the small volume needed for smaller patients.